They are related to your ancestors, what part of the world they came from. They determine what blood you can and can’t receive in an emergency.
O type blood cells have smooth surfaces. White blood cells (our bloods body guards) do not see them as foreign attackers. Everyone can receive O type blood.
A type blood cells have certain proteins sticking out the surface. White blood cells that aren’t used to seeing these proteins will think A cells are invading so will fight them! Only A type or AB type people can receive A type blood.
B type blood cells have a different protein sticking out the surface. Only B or AB type people can receive B type blood.
There is actually a super rare blood type called Bombay blood type (hh). 1 in 300000 thousand people have it.
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